Social Security Disability Insurance (SSD or SSDI) is a federal benefit program that provides monthly income to people who can no longer work because of a serious medical condition. It’s funded by the Social Security taxes you’ve paid throughout your working life, so if you’ve worked and paid into the system, you may have already earned these benefits.
SSDI is different from SSI (Supplemental Security Income), which is based on financial need. SSDI is based on your work history.
You may be eligible for SSDI if:
The Social Security Administration uses a strict definition of disability. It’s not enough to have a serious diagnosis. SSA needs to see that your condition prevents you from performing any meaningful work, given your age, education, and work experience.
Applying for SSDI takes time, and most people aren’t approved on the first try. Here’s what to expect:
You can apply online at ssa.gov, by phone, or in person at your local SSA office. You'll need basic personal information, your work history, and your medical records and providers' contact information.
Your application is sent to your state's Disability Determination Services (DDS). They review your medical records and may ask you to attend an examination. This stage typically takes 3 to 6 months.
SSA will notify you by mail. If approved, you'll learn your monthly benefit amount and when payments begin. If denied — and most initial applications are — that is not the end of the road.
A denial is not a final answer. Many people who are ultimately approved were denied at least once first. See what to do if you've been denied →
A denial can feel devastating, especially when you’re already dealing with a serious illness or injury. But here’s what’s important to know: most initial SSDI applications are denied, and a denial is not final.
You have the right to appeal, and the appeals process is where many people win their cases – particularly at the hearing stage, where you can present your case directly before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ).
There are four levels of appeal:
The most important thing to know: you have 60 days from the date of your denial letter to file an appeal. Missing this deadline can mean starting the entire process over and losing the back pay you’ve already built up. If you’re close to that deadline, don’t wait.
Navigating the Social Security system is hard, and it’s even harder when you’re sick, in pain, or worried about your family’s financial future. You shouldn’t have to figure this out alone.
Our disability attorneys work on contingency, which means you pay nothing unless we win your case. There’s no upfront cost, no hourly fees – just experienced representation when you need it most.